The Howdy Glossary

Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) is a notation used to formally define the syntax of programming languages. It enables developers to delineate complex language rules using constructs like repetitions, optionality, grouping, and alternatives in a structured manner. This formality aids in both the comprehension and implementation of new languages or features within existing ones by providing clear and unambiguous specifications.

Originally developed as Backus-Naur Form (BNF) in the 1960s by John Backus and Peter Naur, EBNF evolved to more precisely define intricate language structures. Whereas BNF laid the groundwork for syntactic description, EBNF expanded these capabilities significantly. By offering a formalism that can operate at various levels of abstraction, it allows programmers to articulate syntactic rules effectively while facilitating software development and maintainability.

EBNF stands out due to its balance between simplicity and expressiveness. Unlike notations such as Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) or Wirth Syntax Notation (WSN), EBNF excels in its intuitive use of familiar constructs for defining language syntax efficiently. Widely adopted for its clarity and practicality, EBNF is compatible with tools like YACC and compilers, enhancing its utility in language design and implementation. Its user-friendly approach makes it accessible to both experienced developers and beginners involved in defining or implementing programming languages' syntax.